Topical Review: Extracting molecular frame photoionization dynamics from experimental data

Abstract Methods for experimental reconstruction of molecular frame (MF) photoionization dynamics, and related properties—specifically MF photoelectron angular distributions (PADs) continuum density matrices—are outlined discussed. General concepts are introduced the non-expert reader, theoretical techniques further in some depth. Particular focus is placed on a detailed example numerical matrix-element retrieval from time-domain measurements making use rotational-wavepackets (i.e. aligned measurements)—the ‘bootstrapping to MF’ methodology—and matrix-inversion technique direct MF-PAD recovery. Ongoing resources interested researchers also introduced, including sample data, codes (the Photoelectron Metrology Toolkit , written python, associated Quantum with Photoelectrons platform/ecosystem), literature via online repositories; it hoped these will be ongoing community.